EARTH · VERIFIED CONFLICT RECORD
The Verified Record of Organised Violence
This is a verified record, not a live feed. UCDP hand-codes every event from published sources, which takes weeks — the newest event here is from 2026-05-31. For what is happening right now, LEV’s Global Incidents layer carries the machine-coded newswire at about fifteen minutes’ delay.
Somebody has to sit down and check. Researchers at Uppsala Universityread the reports, weigh the sources against each other, and write down what they can actually stand behind: what happened, where, who was fighting, and how many people were killed. This is that record — 63,963 events across 84 countries, each one placed where UCDP located it. It is slower than the newswire by design, and that slowness is the product.
The record, in numbers
UCDP range 326,045–795,512. That spread is not a rounding error — it is what honest conflict counting looks like.
54,691 are placed precisely enough to map. 9,272are counted here but never pinned — see below.
Why every number here carries a range
UCDP never publishes a single death toll. It publishes three: a low it is confident cannot be undercut, a high it is confident cannot be exceeded, and a best estimate in between. On the events people most want to read about, those numbers are miles apart. The attack on El Fasher in Sudan on 25 Oct 2025has a best estimate of 32,505 killed — against a low of 0 and a high of 47,505. Reporting “32,505” on its own would be asserting a precision UCDP is explicitly refusing to claim, about a massacre. So LEV never shows a death toll without the range beside it, anywhere — not on the map, not on a country page, not in a share card.
One further wrinkle, stated rather than swept up: on 261 of these 63,963 events (0.41%) UCDP’s own low and high do not bracket its own best estimate. Where that happens LEV shows the full span of everything UCDP published for the event and marks the figure with a dagger (†) rather than quietly tidying the numbers into agreement.
Three kinds of violence
UCDP sorts every event by who was doing the killing. The distinction matters: a civil war and a massacre of civilians are not the same event type, and lumping them together hides the thing worth knowing.
The deadliest single events in the record
One row per country, worst first. Each is a single coded event — one place, one date.
32,505 killed · UCDP range 0–47,505 · SFA - Civilians · one-sided violence
8 JAN 2026 · IRAN, ISLAMIC REP.Iran13,280 killed · UCDP range 13,280–27,180 · Government of Iran - Civilians · one-sided violence
1 JAN 2024 · UKRAINEAvdiivka town9,569 killed · UCDP range 8,268–9,569 † · Russia - Ukraine · state-based violence
1 NOV 2024 · RUSSIAN FEDERATIONBorder between Russia and Ukraine2,221 killed · UCDP range 632–2,221 † · Russia - Ukraine · state-based violence
2 MAR 2026 · LEBANONLebanon1,652 killed · UCDP range 1,354–1,654 † · Israel: Southern Lebanon · state-based violence
23 JAN 2025 · CONGO, DEM. REP.Goma town1,599 killed · UCDP range 1,569–1,599 † · DR Congo (Zaire): Government · state-based violence
What gets a pin, and what does not
Only events UCDP located to a known site, to within about 25 km, or to a district are mapped. Where UCDP could pin an event no closer than a province or a whole country, its coordinate is an administrative centroid — not a place anything happened — so LEV counts those events but never maps them.
Where UCDP had not yet established an actor’s identity it records a placeholder rather than a name; those appear here as “unidentified actor”.
Every country in the record
78countries with at least one mappable event, ordered by recorded deaths. Every figure is UCDP’s best estimate with its range beneath.
117,035–378,114Sudan85,125
29,747–101,416Israel36,887
35,747–38,293Iran, Islamic Rep.24,957
24,796–41,485Mexico20,149
6,858–21,542Congo, Dem. Rep.15,716
13,328–40,029Russian Federation15,138
6,032–18,327Nigeria11,839
10,078–14,145Ethiopia11,545
8,800–37,236Burkina Faso9,857
9,123–13,506Somalia, Fed. Rep.8,315
8,227–9,303Lebanon8,183
7,524–9,012Syrian Arab Republic7,448
7,083–7,827Pakistan6,852
6,318–10,226Myanmar6,085
5,949–9,668Mali4,916
4,652–6,813Haiti4,059
3,810–4,255Yemen, Rep.3,130
1,945–4,149Niger2,916
2,661–3,665Colombia2,730
2,386–3,120Brazil2,426
2,239–2,477South Sudan1,707
1,581–1,960India1,341
1,313–1,406Mozambique1,253
923–1,691Afghanistan1,188
810–3,501Tanzania1,016
413–2,701Cameroon977
881–1,041Central African Republic967
918–1,324Ecuador895
646–1,134Iraq746
733–951Chad519
475–563Bangladesh473
246–505Philippines469
451–469Indonesia289
225–338Benin265
251–344Kenya223
204–301Costa Rica199
38–216Papua New Guinea193
179–252Thailand182
141–209Cambodia175
139–378Ghana164
131–177Burundi149
133–163Venezuela, RB144
138–144Togo138
87–145Sri Lanka104
UCDP low and high agreeGuatemala98
96–110Argentina80
UCDP low and high agreeSouth Africa62
61–62Turkiye55
54–66Jamaica55
9–55Honduras54
42–73Angola51
15–228Libya24
24–25Algeria21
UCDP low and high agreeMorocco14
UCDP low and high agreeDjibouti14
UCDP low and high agreeBelize13
UCDP low and high agreeKuwait13
UCDP low and high agreeUganda12
10–13United Arab Emirates12
UCDP low and high agreeSaudi Arabia10
UCDP low and high agreeRwanda7
7–22United States7
UCDP low and high agreeQatar6
UCDP low and high agreeDominican Republic4
UCDP low and high agreeFrance3
UCDP low and high agreeJordan3
UCDP low and high agreeMauritania3
UCDP low and high agreeGermany3
UCDP low and high agreeEgypt, Arab Rep.3
UCDP low and high agreeBahrain3
UCDP low and high agreeDominica2
UCDP low and high agreeSweden2
UCDP low and high agreeGambia, The1
UCDP low and high agreeLiberia1
UCDP low and high agreeEswatini1
0–1Nepal1
UCDP low and high agreeBolivia0
0–1
Counted here, but with no page and no pin
6more countries appear in the record, but UCDP could not place any of their events more precisely than a province or the country as a whole — so there is nothing LEV can honestly put on a map, and a page would be a stub. They are Tunisia (2 events), Oman (1 event), Canada (1 event), Guinea-Bissau (1 event), Moldova (1 event) and Malta (1 event). Between them they hold 10 of the 522,005 deaths in this record (UCDP range 326,045–795,512).
Source
All data on this page and its country pages is the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University), released under CC BY 4.0. Release: UCDP GED v26.1 + UCDP Candidate v26_0_1..v26_0_5. Coverage ends 31 May 2026. LEV has not adjusted, modelled or estimated a single figure — every number here is UCDP’s, aggregated and labelled.
- Davies, Shawn, Therése Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989–2022 and the return of conflicts between states? Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
- Sundberg, Ralph & Erik Melander (2013). Introducing the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset. Journal of Peace Research 50(4).
- Hegre, Håvard, Mihai Croicu, Kristine Eck & Stina Högbladh (2020). Introducing the UCDP Candidate Events Dataset. Research & Politics.